/**
* 根据Uri获取文件绝对路径，解决Android4.4以上版本Uri转换 兼容Android 10
*
* @param context
* @param imageUri
*/
public static String getFileAbsolutePath(Context context, Uri imageUri) {
if (context == null || imageUri == null) {
return null;
}
if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {
return getRealFilePath(context, imageUri);
}
if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT && android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.Q && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, imageUri)) {
if (isExternalStorageDocument(imageUri)) {
String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(imageUri);
String[] split = docId.split(":");
String type = split[0];
if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
}
} else if (isDownloadsDocument(imageUri)) {
String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(imageUri);
Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id));
return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);
} else if (isMediaDocument(imageUri)) {
String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(imageUri);
String[] split = docId.split(":");
String type = split[0];
Uri contentUri = null;
if ("image".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} else if ("video".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
}
String selection = MediaStore.Images.Media._ID + "=?";
String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{split[1]};
return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);
}
}
// MediaStore (and general)
if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q){
return uriToFileApiQ(context,imageUri);
}
else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(imageUri.getScheme())) {
// Return the remote address
if (isGooglePhotosUri(imageUri)) {
return imageUri.getLastPathSegment();
}
return getDataColumn(context, imageUri, null, null);
}
// File
else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(imageUri.getScheme())) {
return imageUri.getPath();
}
return null;
}
//此方法 只能用于4.4以下的版本
private static String getRealFilePath(final Context context, final Uri uri) {
if (null == uri) {
return null;
}
final String scheme = uri.getScheme();
String data = null;
if (scheme == null) {
data = uri.getPath();
} else if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_FILE.equals(scheme)) {
data = uri.getPath();
} else if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals(scheme)) {
String[] projection = {MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA};
Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, null, null, null);
// Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, new String[]{MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA}, null, null, null);
if (null != cursor) {
if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
int index = cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA);
if (index > -1) {
data = cursor.getString(index);
}
}
cursor.close();
}
}
return data;
}
/**
* @param uri The Uri to check.
* @return Whether the Uri authority is ExternalStorageProvider.
*/
private static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
/**
* @param uri The Uri to check.
* @return Whether the Uri authority is DownloadsProvider.
*/
private static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
private static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
Cursor cursor = null;
String column = MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA;
String[] projection = {column};
try {
cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null);
if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
int index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
return cursor.getString(index);
}
} finally {
if (cursor != null) {
cursor.close();
}
}
return null;
}
/**
* @param uri The Uri to check.
* @return Whether the Uri authority is MediaProvider.
*/
private static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
/**
* @param uri The Uri to check.
* @return Whether the Uri authority is Google Photos.
*/
private static boolean isGooglePhotosUri(Uri uri) {
return "com.google.android.apps.photos.content".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
/**
* Android 10 以上适配 另一种写法
* @param context
* @param uri
* @return
*/
private static String getFileFromContentUri(Context context, Uri uri) {
if (uri == null) {
return null;
}
String filePath;
String[] filePathColumn = {MediaStore.MediaColumns.DATA, MediaStore.MediaColumns.DISPLAY_NAME};
ContentResolver contentResolver = context.getContentResolver();
Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(uri, filePathColumn, null,
null, null);
if (cursor != null) {
cursor.moveToFirst();
try {
filePath = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(filePathColumn[0]));
return filePath;
} catch (Exception e) {
} finally {
cursor.close();
}
}
return "";
}
/**
* Android 10 以上适配
* @param context
* @param uri
* @return
*/
@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.Q)
private static String uriToFileApiQ(Context context, Uri uri) {
File file = null;
//android10以上转换
if (uri.getScheme().equals(ContentResolver.SCHEME_FILE)) {
file = new File(uri.getPath());
} else if (uri.getScheme().equals(ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT)) {
//把文件复制到沙盒目录
ContentResolver contentResolver = context.getContentResolver();
Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(uri, null, null, null, null);
if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
String displayName = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(OpenableColumns.DISPLAY_NAME));
try {
InputStream is = contentResolver.openInputStream(uri);
File cache = new File(context.getExternalCacheDir().getAbsolutePath(), Math.round((Math.random() + 1) * 1000) + displayName);
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(cache);
FileUtils.copy(is, fos);
file = cache;
fos.close();
is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return file.getAbsolutePath();
}
/**
* 通过文件路径 uri的转字符也可以
* @param filePath
* @return
*/
public static String getMimeType(String filePath) {
String ext = MimeTypeMap.getFileExtensionFromUrl(filePath);
return MimeTypeMap.getSingleton().getMimeTypeFromExtension(ext);
}
file_paths.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
<paths>
<root-path
name="root"
path="" />
<files-path
name="files"
path="" />
<cache-path
name="cache"
path="" />
<external-path
name="external"
path="" />
<external-files-path
name="external_file_path"
path="" />
<external-cache-path
name="external_cache_path"
path="" />
</paths>
</resources>
manifiest文件配置
<provider
android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
android:authorities="你的包名.fileprovider"
android:exported="false"
android:grantUriPermissions="true"
tools:replace="android:authorities">
<meta-data
android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
android:resource="@xml/file_paths" />
</provider>
android 10适配
从Android10（API 29）开始，App层没有访问此路径的权限（即:
Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()
官方提供的临时解决方案是在 Android Manifest 清单文件添加如下配置
<application
android:requestLegacyExternalStorage="true">
android 11适配
需要增加：Manifest.permission.MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE 权限
步骤：
1.在AndroidManifest.xml中声明MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE权限。
2.发出一个action为Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_ALL_FILES_ACCESS_PERMISSION的Intent，引导用户手动授权。
3.调用Environment.isExternalStorageManager()来判断用户是否已授权。
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.R){
if (!Environment.isExternalStorageManager()){
try {
val uri = Uri.parse("package:${BuildConfig.APPLICATION_ID}")
val intent = Intent(Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_ALL_FILES_ACCESS_PERMISSION,uri)
startActivity(intent)
}catch (e:Exception){
val intent = Intent()
intent.action = Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_ALL_FILES_ACCESS_PERMISSION
startActivity(intent)
}
}
}